Part 3 : Meteorology (Clouds, Precipitation, and METAR)

By the end of Part 3, you will not only understand how your mind functions in flight but also how to sharpen it for maximum safety and efficiency.

Before you begin the quiz, please write your full name before start the quiz. This helps us know who you are and keep track of your progress.

Course Coverage:

- Part 1: Atmospheric Pressure & Density
- Part 2: Temperature, Adiabatic Processes and Stability, Turbulence and Wind Shear
- Part 3: Clouds, Precipitation, & METAR

Objective

Demonstrate your ability to apply meteorological concepts to flight planning and decision-making, ensuring safe and efficient operations.

1. Part 1 – Scenario Analysis (50%)
For each situation below, answer the three questions:
- Which meteorological concept(s) apply?
- What is happening physically in the atmosphere?
- What action(s) should the pilot take in response?

Scenario A – High-Altitude Cruise
- While cruising at FL350, the aircraft experiences a noticeable drop in performance. The OAT (outside air temperature) is lower than standard.
- Hint: Consider air density and its effect on aircraft engines and aerodynamics.

Scenario B – Mountain Approach
- On approach to an airport surrounded by mountains, the forecast warns of strong downslope winds and turbulence.
- Hint: Think about adiabatic processes, stability, and terrain-induced turbulence.

Scenario C – Rapid Weather Change
- During a coastal flight, clouds begin forming quickly at lower altitudes, visibility drops, and light rain starts. The METAR you checked earlier showed “FEW025” with no precipitation.
- Hint: Consider cloud formation, precipitation processes, and the timing of weather observations.

2. Part 2 – Short Answer Questions (30%)
Answer each in 3–4 sentences:
1. How does a decrease in atmospheric pressure affect aircraft performance?
2. Explain the difference between a stable and unstable atmosphere and how each affects cloud development.
3. What is wind shear, and why is it particularly dangerous during take-off and landing?
4. Decode the following METAR and briefly describe what weather a pilot should expect:
METAR WSSS 051230Z 22012KT 8000 -RA FEW020 SCT030 BKN100 29/24 Q1010 NOSIG

3. Part 3 – Reflection (20%)
In 200–300 words, reflect on how understanding meteorology helps pilots make safer decisions. Include one example of a real-world aviation incident (historical or hypothetical) where better weather awareness could have prevented or reduced the risk.